nixpkgs/nixos/lib/test-driver/Machine.pm
Maximilian Bosch e538e00404
test-driver: support testing user units
It is quite complicated to test services using the test-driver when
declaring user services with `systemd.user.services` such as many
X11-based services like `xautolock.service`.

This change adds an optional `$user` parameter to each systemd-related
function in the test-driver and runs `systemctl --user` commands using
`su -l $user -c ...` and sets the `XDG_RUNTIME_DIR` variable
accordingly and a new function named `systemctl` which is able to run a
systemd command with or without a specified user.

The change can be confirmed with a simple VM declaration like this:

```
import ./nixos/tests/make-test.nix ({ pkgs, lib }:

with lib;

{
  name = "systemd-user-test";

  nodes.machine = {
    imports = [ ./nixos/tests/common/user-account.nix ];

    services.xserver.enable = true;
    services.xserver.displayManager.auto.enable = true;
    services.xserver.displayManager.auto.user = "bob";
    services.xserver.xautolock.enable = true;
  };

  testScript = ''
    $machine->start;
    $machine->waitForX;

    $machine->waitForUnit("xautolock.service", "bob");
    $machine->stopJob("xautolock.service", "bob");
    $machine->startJob("xautolock.service", "bob");
    $machine->systemctl("list-jobs --no-pager", "bob");
    $machine->systemctl("show 'xautolock.service' --no-pager", "bob");
  '';
})
```
2018-01-02 20:14:27 +01:00

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package Machine;
use strict;
use threads;
use Socket;
use IO::Handle;
use POSIX qw(dup2);
use FileHandle;
use Cwd;
use File::Basename;
use File::Path qw(make_path);
use File::Slurp;
my $showGraphics = defined $ENV{'DISPLAY'};
my $sharedDir;
sub new {
my ($class, $args) = @_;
my $startCommand = $args->{startCommand};
my $name = $args->{name};
if (!$name) {
$startCommand =~ /run-(.*)-vm$/ if defined $startCommand;
$name = $1 || "machine";
}
if (!$startCommand) {
# !!! merge with qemu-vm.nix.
$startCommand =
"qemu-kvm -m 384 " .
"-net nic,model=virtio \$QEMU_OPTS ";
my $iface = $args->{hdaInterface} || "virtio";
$startCommand .= "-drive file=" . Cwd::abs_path($args->{hda}) . ",if=$iface,werror=report "
if defined $args->{hda};
$startCommand .= "-cdrom $args->{cdrom} "
if defined $args->{cdrom};
$startCommand .= "-device piix3-usb-uhci -drive id=usbdisk,file=$args->{usb},if=none,readonly -device usb-storage,drive=usbdisk "
if defined $args->{usb};
$startCommand .= "-bios $args->{bios} "
if defined $args->{bios};
$startCommand .= $args->{qemuFlags} || "";
}
my $tmpDir = $ENV{'TMPDIR'} || "/tmp";
unless (defined $sharedDir) {
$sharedDir = $tmpDir . "/xchg-shared";
make_path($sharedDir, { mode => 0700, owner => $< });
}
my $allowReboot = 0;
$allowReboot = $args->{allowReboot} if defined $args->{allowReboot};
my $self = {
startCommand => $startCommand,
name => $name,
allowReboot => $allowReboot,
booted => 0,
pid => 0,
connected => 0,
socket => undef,
stateDir => "$tmpDir/vm-state-$name",
monitor => undef,
log => $args->{log},
redirectSerial => $args->{redirectSerial} // 1,
};
mkdir $self->{stateDir}, 0700;
bless $self, $class;
return $self;
}
sub log {
my ($self, $msg) = @_;
$self->{log}->log($msg, { machine => $self->{name} });
}
sub nest {
my ($self, $msg, $coderef, $attrs) = @_;
$self->{log}->nest($msg, $coderef, { %{$attrs || {}}, machine => $self->{name} });
}
sub name {
my ($self) = @_;
return $self->{name};
}
sub stateDir {
my ($self) = @_;
return $self->{stateDir};
}
sub start {
my ($self) = @_;
return if $self->{booted};
$self->log("starting vm");
# Create a socket pair for the serial line input/output of the VM.
my ($serialP, $serialC);
socketpair($serialP, $serialC, PF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0) or die;
# Create a Unix domain socket to which QEMU's monitor will connect.
my $monitorPath = $self->{stateDir} . "/monitor";
unlink $monitorPath;
my $monitorS;
socket($monitorS, PF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0) or die;
bind($monitorS, sockaddr_un($monitorPath)) or die "cannot bind monitor socket: $!";
listen($monitorS, 1) or die;
# Create a Unix domain socket to which the root shell in the guest will connect.
my $shellPath = $self->{stateDir} . "/shell";
unlink $shellPath;
my $shellS;
socket($shellS, PF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0) or die;
bind($shellS, sockaddr_un($shellPath)) or die "cannot bind shell socket: $!";
listen($shellS, 1) or die;
# Start the VM.
my $pid = fork();
die if $pid == -1;
if ($pid == 0) {
close $serialP;
close $monitorS;
close $shellS;
if ($self->{redirectSerial}) {
open NUL, "</dev/null" or die;
dup2(fileno(NUL), fileno(STDIN));
dup2(fileno($serialC), fileno(STDOUT));
dup2(fileno($serialC), fileno(STDERR));
}
$ENV{TMPDIR} = $self->{stateDir};
$ENV{SHARED_DIR} = $sharedDir;
$ENV{USE_TMPDIR} = 1;
$ENV{QEMU_OPTS} =
($self->{allowReboot} ? "" : "-no-reboot ") .
"-monitor unix:./monitor -chardev socket,id=shell,path=./shell " .
"-device virtio-serial -device virtconsole,chardev=shell " .
"-device virtio-rng-pci " .
($showGraphics ? "-serial stdio" : "-nographic") . " " . ($ENV{QEMU_OPTS} || "");
chdir $self->{stateDir} or die;
exec $self->{startCommand};
die "running VM script: $!";
}
# Process serial line output.
close $serialC;
threads->create(\&processSerialOutput, $self, $serialP)->detach;
sub processSerialOutput {
my ($self, $serialP) = @_;
while (<$serialP>) {
chomp;
s/\r$//;
print STDERR $self->{name}, "# $_\n";
$self->{log}->{logQueue}->enqueue({msg => $_, machine => $self->{name}}); # !!!
}
}
eval {
local $SIG{CHLD} = sub { die "QEMU died prematurely\n"; };
# Wait until QEMU connects to the monitor.
accept($self->{monitor}, $monitorS) or die;
# Wait until QEMU connects to the root shell socket. QEMU
# does so immediately; this doesn't mean that the root shell
# has connected yet inside the guest.
accept($self->{socket}, $shellS) or die;
$self->{socket}->autoflush(1);
};
die "$@" if $@;
$self->waitForMonitorPrompt;
$self->log("QEMU running (pid $pid)");
$self->{pid} = $pid;
$self->{booted} = 1;
}
# Send a command to the monitor and wait for it to finish. TODO: QEMU
# also has a JSON-based monitor interface now, but it doesn't support
# all commands yet. We should use it once it does.
sub sendMonitorCommand {
my ($self, $command) = @_;
$self->log("sending monitor command: $command");
syswrite $self->{monitor}, "$command\n";
return $self->waitForMonitorPrompt;
}
# Wait until the monitor sends "(qemu) ".
sub waitForMonitorPrompt {
my ($self) = @_;
my $res = "";
my $s;
while (sysread($self->{monitor}, $s, 1024)) {
$res .= $s;
last if $res =~ s/\(qemu\) $//;
}
return $res;
}
# Call the given code reference repeatedly, with 1 second intervals,
# until it returns 1 or a timeout is reached.
sub retry {
my ($coderef) = @_;
my $n;
for ($n = 899; $n >=0; $n--) {
return if &$coderef($n);
sleep 1;
}
die "action timed out after $n seconds";
}
sub connect {
my ($self) = @_;
return if $self->{connected};
$self->nest("waiting for the VM to finish booting", sub {
$self->start;
local $SIG{ALRM} = sub { die "timed out waiting for the VM to connect\n"; };
alarm 300;
readline $self->{socket} or die "the VM quit before connecting\n";
alarm 0;
$self->log("connected to guest root shell");
$self->{connected} = 1;
});
}
sub waitForShutdown {
my ($self) = @_;
return unless $self->{booted};
$self->nest("waiting for the VM to power off", sub {
waitpid $self->{pid}, 0;
$self->{pid} = 0;
$self->{booted} = 0;
$self->{connected} = 0;
});
}
sub isUp {
my ($self) = @_;
return $self->{booted} && $self->{connected};
}
sub execute_ {
my ($self, $command) = @_;
$self->connect;
print { $self->{socket} } ("( $command ); echo '|!=EOF' \$?\n");
my $out = "";
while (1) {
my $line = readline($self->{socket});
die "connection to VM lost unexpectedly" unless defined $line;
#$self->log("got line: $line");
if ($line =~ /^(.*)\|\!\=EOF\s+(\d+)$/) {
$out .= $1;
$self->log("exit status $2");
return ($2, $out);
}
$out .= $line;
}
}
sub execute {
my ($self, $command) = @_;
my @res;
$self->nest("running command: $command", sub {
@res = $self->execute_($command);
});
return @res;
}
sub succeed {
my ($self, @commands) = @_;
my $res;
foreach my $command (@commands) {
$self->nest("must succeed: $command", sub {
my ($status, $out) = $self->execute_($command);
if ($status != 0) {
$self->log("output: $out");
die "command `$command' did not succeed (exit code $status)\n";
}
$res .= $out;
});
}
return $res;
}
sub mustSucceed {
succeed @_;
}
sub waitUntilSucceeds {
my ($self, $command) = @_;
$self->nest("waiting for success: $command", sub {
retry sub {
my ($status, $out) = $self->execute($command);
return 1 if $status == 0;
};
});
}
sub waitUntilFails {
my ($self, $command) = @_;
$self->nest("waiting for failure: $command", sub {
retry sub {
my ($status, $out) = $self->execute($command);
return 1 if $status != 0;
};
});
}
sub fail {
my ($self, $command) = @_;
$self->nest("must fail: $command", sub {
my ($status, $out) = $self->execute_($command);
die "command `$command' unexpectedly succeeded"
if $status == 0;
});
}
sub mustFail {
fail @_;
}
sub getUnitInfo {
my ($self, $unit, $user) = @_;
my ($status, $lines) = $self->systemctl("--no-pager show \"$unit\"", $user);
return undef if $status != 0;
my $info = {};
foreach my $line (split '\n', $lines) {
$line =~ /^([^=]+)=(.*)$/ or next;
$info->{$1} = $2;
}
return $info;
}
sub systemctl {
my ($self, $q, $user) = @_;
if ($user) {
$q =~ s/'/\\'/g;
return $self->execute("su -l $user -c \$'XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/`id -u` systemctl --user $q'");
}
return $self->execute("systemctl $q");
}
# Fail if the given systemd unit is not in the "active" state.
sub requireActiveUnit {
my ($self, $unit) = @_;
$self->nest("checking if unit $unit has reached state 'active'", sub {
my $info = $self->getUnitInfo($unit);
my $state = $info->{ActiveState};
if ($state ne "active") {
die "Expected unit $unit to to be in state 'active' but it is in state $state\n";
};
});
}
# Wait for a systemd unit to reach the "active" state.
sub waitForUnit {
my ($self, $unit, $user) = @_;
$self->nest("waiting for unit $unit", sub {
retry sub {
my $info = $self->getUnitInfo($unit, $user);
my $state = $info->{ActiveState};
die "unit $unit reached state $state\n" if $state eq "failed";
if ($state eq "inactive") {
# If there are no pending jobs, then assume this unit
# will never reach active state.
my ($status, $jobs) = $self->systemctl("list-jobs --full 2>&1", $user);
if ($jobs =~ /No jobs/) { # FIXME: fragile
# Handle the case where the unit may have started
# between the previous getUnitInfo() and
# list-jobs.
my $info2 = $self->getUnitInfo($unit);
die "unit $unit is inactive and there are no pending jobs\n"
if $info2->{ActiveState} eq $state;
}
}
return 1 if $state eq "active";
};
});
}
sub waitForJob {
my ($self, $jobName) = @_;
return $self->waitForUnit($jobName);
}
# Wait until the specified file exists.
sub waitForFile {
my ($self, $fileName) = @_;
$self->nest("waiting for file $fileName", sub {
retry sub {
my ($status, $out) = $self->execute("test -e $fileName");
return 1 if $status == 0;
}
});
}
sub startJob {
my ($self, $jobName, $user) = @_;
$self->systemctl("start $jobName", $user);
# FIXME: check result
}
sub stopJob {
my ($self, $jobName, $user) = @_;
$self->systemctl("stop $jobName", $user);
}
# Wait until the machine is listening on the given TCP port.
sub waitForOpenPort {
my ($self, $port) = @_;
$self->nest("waiting for TCP port $port", sub {
retry sub {
my ($status, $out) = $self->execute("nc -z localhost $port");
return 1 if $status == 0;
}
});
}
# Wait until the machine is not listening on the given TCP port.
sub waitForClosedPort {
my ($self, $port) = @_;
retry sub {
my ($status, $out) = $self->execute("nc -z localhost $port");
return 1 if $status != 0;
}
}
sub shutdown {
my ($self) = @_;
return unless $self->{booted};
print { $self->{socket} } ("poweroff\n");
$self->waitForShutdown;
}
sub crash {
my ($self) = @_;
return unless $self->{booted};
$self->log("forced crash");
$self->sendMonitorCommand("quit");
$self->waitForShutdown;
}
# Make the machine unreachable by shutting down eth1 (the multicast
# interface used to talk to the other VMs). We keep eth0 up so that
# the test driver can continue to talk to the machine.
sub block {
my ($self) = @_;
$self->sendMonitorCommand("set_link virtio-net-pci.1 off");
}
# Make the machine reachable.
sub unblock {
my ($self) = @_;
$self->sendMonitorCommand("set_link virtio-net-pci.1 on");
}
# Take a screenshot of the X server on :0.0.
sub screenshot {
my ($self, $filename) = @_;
my $dir = $ENV{'out'} || Cwd::abs_path(".");
$filename = "$dir/${filename}.png" if $filename =~ /^\w+$/;
my $tmp = "${filename}.ppm";
my $name = basename($filename);
$self->nest("making screenshot $name", sub {
$self->sendMonitorCommand("screendump $tmp");
system("pnmtopng $tmp > ${filename}") == 0
or die "cannot convert screenshot";
unlink $tmp;
}, { image => $name } );
}
# Get the text of TTY<n>
sub getTTYText {
my ($self, $tty) = @_;
my ($status, $out) = $self->execute("fold -w\$(stty -F /dev/tty${tty} size | awk '{print \$2}') /dev/vcs${tty}");
return $out;
}
# Wait until TTY<n>'s text matches a particular regular expression
sub waitUntilTTYMatches {
my ($self, $tty, $regexp) = @_;
$self->nest("waiting for $regexp to appear on tty $tty", sub {
retry sub {
my ($retries_remaining) = @_;
if ($retries_remaining == 0) {
$self->log("Last chance to match /$regexp/ on TTY$tty, which currently contains:");
$self->log($self->getTTYText($tty));
}
return 1 if $self->getTTYText($tty) =~ /$regexp/;
}
});
}
# Debugging: Dump the contents of the TTY<n>
sub dumpTTYContents {
my ($self, $tty) = @_;
$self->execute("fold -w 80 /dev/vcs${tty} | systemd-cat");
}
# Take a screenshot and return the result as text using optical character
# recognition.
sub getScreenText {
my ($self) = @_;
system("command -v tesseract &> /dev/null") == 0
or die "getScreenText used but enableOCR is false";
my $text;
$self->nest("performing optical character recognition", sub {
my $tmpbase = Cwd::abs_path(".")."/ocr";
my $tmpin = $tmpbase."in.ppm";
$self->sendMonitorCommand("screendump $tmpin");
my $magickArgs = "-filter Catrom -density 72 -resample 300 "
. "-contrast -normalize -despeckle -type grayscale "
. "-sharpen 1 -posterize 3 -negate -gamma 100 "
. "-blur 1x65535";
my $tessArgs = "-c debug_file=/dev/null --psm 11 --oem 2";
$text = `convert $magickArgs $tmpin tiff:- | tesseract - - $tessArgs`;
my $status = $? >> 8;
unlink $tmpin;
die "OCR failed with exit code $status" if $status != 0;
});
return $text;
}
# Wait until a specific regexp matches the textual contents of the screen.
sub waitForText {
my ($self, $regexp) = @_;
$self->nest("waiting for $regexp to appear on the screen", sub {
retry sub {
my ($retries_remaining) = @_;
if ($retries_remaining == 0) {
$self->log("Last chance to match /$regexp/ on the screen, which currently contains:");
$self->log($self->getScreenText);
}
return 1 if $self->getScreenText =~ /$regexp/;
}
});
}
# Wait until it is possible to connect to the X server. Note that
# testing the existence of /tmp/.X11-unix/X0 is insufficient.
sub waitForX {
my ($self, $regexp) = @_;
$self->nest("waiting for the X11 server", sub {
retry sub {
my ($status, $out) = $self->execute("journalctl -b SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER=systemd | grep 'session opened'");
return 0 if $status != 0;
($status, $out) = $self->execute("[ -e /tmp/.X11-unix/X0 ]");
return 1 if $status == 0;
}
});
}
sub getWindowNames {
my ($self) = @_;
my $res = $self->mustSucceed(
q{xwininfo -root -tree | sed 's/.*0x[0-9a-f]* \"\([^\"]*\)\".*/\1/; t; d'});
return split /\n/, $res;
}
sub waitForWindow {
my ($self, $regexp) = @_;
$self->nest("waiting for a window to appear", sub {
retry sub {
my @names = $self->getWindowNames;
my ($retries_remaining) = @_;
if ($retries_remaining == 0) {
$self->log("Last chance to match /$regexp/ on the the window list, which currently contains:");
$self->log(join(", ", @names));
}
foreach my $n (@names) {
return 1 if $n =~ /$regexp/;
}
}
});
}
sub copyFileFromHost {
my ($self, $from, $to) = @_;
my $s = `cat $from` or die;
$s =~ s/'/'\\''/g;
$self->mustSucceed("echo '$s' > $to");
}
my %charToKey = (
'A' => "shift-a", 'N' => "shift-n", '-' => "0x0C", '_' => "shift-0x0C", '!' => "shift-0x02",
'B' => "shift-b", 'O' => "shift-o", '=' => "0x0D", '+' => "shift-0x0D", '@' => "shift-0x03",
'C' => "shift-c", 'P' => "shift-p", '[' => "0x1A", '{' => "shift-0x1A", '#' => "shift-0x04",
'D' => "shift-d", 'Q' => "shift-q", ']' => "0x1B", '}' => "shift-0x1B", '$' => "shift-0x05",
'E' => "shift-e", 'R' => "shift-r", ';' => "0x27", ':' => "shift-0x27", '%' => "shift-0x06",
'F' => "shift-f", 'S' => "shift-s", '\'' => "0x28", '"' => "shift-0x28", '^' => "shift-0x07",
'G' => "shift-g", 'T' => "shift-t", '`' => "0x29", '~' => "shift-0x29", '&' => "shift-0x08",
'H' => "shift-h", 'U' => "shift-u", '\\' => "0x2B", '|' => "shift-0x2B", '*' => "shift-0x09",
'I' => "shift-i", 'V' => "shift-v", ',' => "0x33", '<' => "shift-0x33", '(' => "shift-0x0A",
'J' => "shift-j", 'W' => "shift-w", '.' => "0x34", '>' => "shift-0x34", ')' => "shift-0x0B",
'K' => "shift-k", 'X' => "shift-x", '/' => "0x35", '?' => "shift-0x35",
'L' => "shift-l", 'Y' => "shift-y", ' ' => "spc",
'M' => "shift-m", 'Z' => "shift-z", "\n" => "ret",
);
sub sendKeys {
my ($self, @keys) = @_;
foreach my $key (@keys) {
$key = $charToKey{$key} if exists $charToKey{$key};
$self->sendMonitorCommand("sendkey $key");
}
}
sub sendChars {
my ($self, $chars) = @_;
$self->nest("sending keys $chars", sub {
$self->sendKeys(split //, $chars);
});
}
# Sleep N seconds (in virtual guest time, not real time).
sub sleep {
my ($self, $time) = @_;
$self->succeed("sleep $time");
}
# Forward a TCP port on the host to a TCP port on the guest. Useful
# during interactive testing.
sub forwardPort {
my ($self, $hostPort, $guestPort) = @_;
$hostPort = 8080 unless defined $hostPort;
$guestPort = 80 unless defined $guestPort;
$self->sendMonitorCommand("hostfwd_add tcp::$hostPort-:$guestPort");
}
1;