flake update

flake.lock

@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@
         "systems": "systems"
       },
       "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1681202837,
-        "narHash": "sha256-H+Rh19JDwRtpVPAWp64F+rlEtxUWBAQW28eAi3SRSzg=",
+        "lastModified": 1694529238,
+        "narHash": "sha256-zsNZZGTGnMOf9YpHKJqMSsa0dXbfmxeoJ7xHlrt+xmY=",
         "owner": "numtide",
         "repo": "flake-utils",
-        "rev": "cfacdce06f30d2b68473a46042957675eebb3401",
+        "rev": "ff7b65b44d01cf9ba6a71320833626af21126384",
         "type": "github"
       },
       "original": {
@@ -20,11 +20,11 @@
     },
     "nixpkgs": {
       "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1684120848,
-        "narHash": "sha256-gIwJ5ac1FwZEkCRwjY+gLwgD4G1Bw3Xtr2jr2XihMPo=",
+        "lastModified": 1699181587,
+        "narHash": "sha256-v35mUUgVU2ituIHPNHifpjl5uiYQYyLrpaMtz8X8Ums=",
         "owner": "NixOS",
         "repo": "nixpkgs",
-        "rev": "0cb867999eec4085e1c9ca61c09b72261fa63bb4",
+        "rev": "197629b470f184a47b2a5716312d25b09454bbf8",
         "type": "github"
       },
       "original": {

flake.nix

@@ -11,28 +11,36 @@
       let
         pkgs = nixpkgs.legacyPackages.${system};
 
-        haskellPackages = pkgs.haskellPackages;
+        nixos-lib = import (nixpkgs + "/nixos/lib") {};
+
+        haskellPackages = pkgs.haskellPackages.override (old: {
+          overrides = final: prev: {
+            wavefront = jailbreakUnbreak prev.wavefront;
+            vulkan-tutorial = vulkan-tutorial;
+          };
+        });
+
+        vulkan-tutorial = # (ref:haskell-package-def)
+          haskellPackages.callCabal2nix packageName self {
+            # Dependency overrides go here
+            #wavefront = jailbreakUnbreak haskellPackages.wavefront;
+        };
 
         jailbreakUnbreak = pkg:
-          pkgs.haskell.lib.doJailbreak (pkg.overrideAttrs (_: { meta = { }; }));
+          pkgs.haskell.lib.doJailbreak (pkgs.haskell.lib.markUnbroken pkg);
 
         packageName = "vulkan-tutorial";
       in rec {
-        packages.${packageName} = # (ref:haskell-package-def)
-          haskellPackages.callCabal2nix packageName self rec {
-            # Dependency overrides go here
-            wavefront = jailbreakUnbreak haskellPackages.wavefront;
-          };
+        packages.default = haskellPackages.vulkan-tutorial;
 
-        defaultPackage = self.packages.${system}.${packageName};
-
-        devShell = haskellPackages.shellFor {
-          packages = p: [ defaultPackage ];
+        devShells.default = haskellPackages.shellFor {
+          packages = p: [ p.vulkan-tutorial ];
           withHoogle = true;
           buildInputs = (with haskellPackages; [
             haskell-language-server
             ghcid
             cabal-install
+            (jailbreakUnbreak wavefront)
           ]) ++ (with pkgs; [
             shaderc
             vulkan-loader
@@ -42,21 +50,6 @@
           VK_LAYER_PATH="${pkgs.vulkan-validation-layers}/share/vulkan/explicit_layer.d";
           SDL_VULKAN_LIBRARY="${pkgs.vulkan-loader}/lib/libvulkan.so";
         };
-        #devShell = pkgs.mkShell {
-        #  buildInputs = with haskellPackages; [
-        #    haskell-language-server
-        #    ghcid
-        #    cabal-install
-        #  ];
-        #  nativeBuildInputs = with pkgs; [
-        #    pkg-config
-        #    SDL2
-        #    vulkan-validation-layers
-        #    vulkan-headers
-        #    vulkan-loader
-        #  ];
-        #  inputsFrom = builtins.attrValues self.packages.${system};
-        #};
     });
 }
 

shadersrc/textured_lit.frag

@@ -19,6 +19,6 @@ layout(set = 2, binding = 0) uniform sampler2D tex1;
 
 void main()
 {
-  vec3 color = texture(tex1,texCoord).xyz;
+  vec3 color = texture(tex1, texCoord).xyz;
 	outFragColor = vec4(color, inColor.w);
 }

src/CommandBuffer.hs

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE DuplicateRecordFields #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE DataKinds #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE FlexibleContexts #-}
@@ -23,7 +22,7 @@ import qualified VulkanMemoryAllocator as VMA
 import Types
 import Memory
 import Util
-import Data.Maybe (fromMaybe)
+import Mesh (compactDraws)
 
 frameOverlap :: Int
 frameOverlap = 2
@@ -60,7 +59,7 @@ createFrames
     (\_ -> do
 
       commandPool <- snd <$>
-        (Vk.withCommandPool logicalDevice poolCreateInfo Nothing allocate)
+        Vk.withCommandPool logicalDevice poolCreateInfo Nothing allocate
 
       let commandBufferAllocationInfo = Vk.zero
             { Vk.commandPool        = commandPool
@@ -100,6 +99,15 @@ createFrames
         Vk.BUFFER_USAGE_STORAGE_BUFFER_BIT
         VMA.MEMORY_USAGE_CPU_TO_GPU
 
+      indirectBuffer <- createAllocatedBuffer
+        allocator
+        (maxObjects * sizeOf (undefined :: Vk.DrawIndirectCommand))
+        (Vk.BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT .|.
+          Vk.BUFFER_USAGE_STORAGE_BUFFER_BIT .|.
+          Vk.BUFFER_USAGE_INDIRECT_BUFFER_BIT
+          )
+        VMA.MEMORY_USAGE_CPU_TO_GPU
+
       let allocationInfo = Vk.zero
             { Vk.descriptorPool = descriptorPool
             , Vk.setLayouts     = V.singleton setLayout
@@ -161,6 +169,7 @@ createFrames
         , frameCameraBuffer      = cameraBuffer
         , frameSceneBuffer       = sceneBuffer
         , frameObjectBuffer      = objectBuffer
+        , frameIndirectBuffer    = indirectBuffer
         , frameGlobalDescriptor  = V.head globalDescriptor
         , frameObjectDescriptor  = V.head objectDescriptor
         }
@@ -172,7 +181,8 @@ createFrames
 
 recordCommandBuffer
   :: (MonadResource m, MonadReader ReadState m, MonadIO m)
-  => Vk.CommandBuffer
+  => VMA.Allocator
+  -> Vk.CommandBuffer
   -> Vk.RenderPass
   -> Vk.Framebuffer
   -> V2 CInt
@@ -180,6 +190,7 @@ recordCommandBuffer
   -> FrameData
   -> m ()
 recordCommandBuffer
+  allocator
   commandBuffer
   renderPass
   frameBuffer
@@ -221,22 +232,43 @@ recordCommandBuffer
 
         renderObjects <- (liftIO . STM.atomically . STM.readTMVar) =<< asks renderables
         meshMap <- (liftIO . STM.atomically . STM.readTMVar) =<< asks meshLibrary
-
-        V.mapM_
-          (\(index, RenderObject meshID materialID modelMatrix) -> do
-
         materialMap <- (liftIO . STM.atomically . STM.readTMVar) =<< asks materialLibrary
 
-            let constants = MeshPushConstants
-                  { meshPushData     = V4 0 0 0 0
-                  , meshRenderMatrix = modelMatrix
+        let draws = compactDraws meshMap materialMap renderObjects
+            drawCommands = V.map
+              (\(i, RenderObject mesh _ _) ->
+                Vk.DrawIndirectCommand
+                  { vertexCount   = fromIntegral (V.length $ meshVertices $ meshMap M.! mesh)
+                  , firstVertex   = 0
+                  , instanceCount = 1
+                  , firstInstance = i
                   }
-                mesh = fromMaybe
-                  (error $ "no mesh called " <> meshID <> " present")
-                  (meshMap M.!? meshID)
-                material = fromMaybe
-                  (error $ "no material called " <> materialID <> " present")
-                  (materialMap M.!? materialID)
+                )
+              (V.zip
+                (V.fromList [0..])
+                renderObjects
+                )
+
+        (memRelease, memPtr) <- VMA.withMappedMemory
+          allocator
+          (bufferAllocation $ frameIndirectBuffer frame)
+          allocate
+
+        V.mapM_
+          (\(idx, command) -> liftIO $
+            poke
+              (castPtr memPtr `plusPtr` (idx * sizeOf command))
+              command
+          )
+          (V.zip
+            (V.fromList [0 ..])
+            drawCommands
+           )
+
+        release memRelease
+
+        V.mapM_
+          (\(IndirectBatch mesh material first count) -> do
 
             when
               (materialTextureSet material /= Vk.NULL_HANDLE)
@@ -267,28 +299,24 @@ recordCommandBuffer
               (V.singleton $ frameObjectDescriptor frame)
               V.empty
 
-            dataPointer <- liftIO (castPtr <$> new constants)
-
-            Vk.cmdPushConstants
-              commandBuffer
-              (materialPipelineLayout material)
-              Vk.SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT
-              0
-              (fromIntegral $ sizeOf constants)
-              dataPointer
-
             Vk.cmdBindVertexBuffers
               commandBuffer
               0
               (V.fromList [ allocatedBuffer $ meshBuffer mesh ])
               (V.fromList [ 0 ])
 
-            Vk.cmdDraw commandBuffer (fromIntegral $ V.length $ meshVertices mesh) 1 0 index
-            )
-          (V.zip
-            (V.fromList [0 ..])
-            renderObjects
+            let indirectOffset = fromIntegral $
+                  first * fromIntegral ( sizeOf (undefined :: Vk.DrawIndirectCommand))
+                drawStride = fromIntegral $ sizeOf (undefined :: Vk.DrawIndirectCommand)
+
+            Vk.cmdDrawIndirect
+              commandBuffer
+              (allocatedBuffer $ frameIndirectBuffer frame)
+              indirectOffset
+              count
+              drawStride
             )
+          draws
 
 prepareRecording
   :: V2 CInt
@@ -298,11 +326,12 @@ prepareRecording
 prepareRecording (V2 width height) commandBuffer graphicsPipeline = do
   Vk.cmdBindPipeline commandBuffer Vk.PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS graphicsPipeline
 
+  -- Passing negative height and nonzero y origin to the viewport flips the models back in order
   let viewport = Vk.zero
         { Vk.x        = 0
-        , Vk.y        = 0
+        , Vk.y        = fromIntegral height
         , Vk.width    = fromIntegral width
-        , Vk.height   = fromIntegral height
+        , Vk.height   = - fromIntegral height
         , Vk.minDepth = 0
         , Vk.maxDepth = 1
         }

src/Devices.hs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 {-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE DuplicateRecordFields #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE DataKinds #-}
+{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedRecordDot #-}
 module Devices where
 
 import Control.Monad
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ pickPhysicalDevice vkInstance = do
     physDevices
 
   let discretePhysDevices = V.filter
-        (\(_, devProps, devFeatures) ->
+        (\(_, _, devFeatures) ->
           -- Vk.deviceType devProps == Vk.PHYSICAL_DEVICE_TYPE_DISCRETE_GPU &&
           Vk.geometryShader devFeatures
           )
@@ -104,6 +105,9 @@ createLogicalDevice physDevice surface = do
       deviceCreateInfo = Vk.zero
         { Vk.queueCreateInfos      = V.singleton (Vk.SomeStruct queueCreateInfo)
         , Vk.enabledExtensionNames = extensionNames
+        , Vk.enabledFeatures       = Just (Vk.zero
+          { Vk.multiDrawIndirect = True
+          } :: Vk.PhysicalDeviceFeatures)
         }
       shaderDrawParametersFeatures = Vk.zero
         { Vk.shaderDrawParameters  = True
@@ -140,9 +144,9 @@ createSwapchain surface surfaceFormats windowDimension logicalDevice allocator =
     if
       V.any
         (\a ->
-          (Vk.format :: Vk.SurfaceFormatKHR -> Vk.Format) a ==
+          a.format ==
             Vk.FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_SRGB
-          && (Vk.colorSpace :: Vk.SurfaceFormatKHR -> Vk.ColorSpaceKHR) a ==
+          && a.colorSpace ==
             Vk.COLOR_SPACE_SRGB_NONLINEAR_KHR)
         surfaceFormats
     then
@@ -219,7 +223,7 @@ getImageViewHandles swapchain surfaceFormat logicalDevice = do
       let createInfo = Vk.zero
             { Vk.image            = tmpImage
             , Vk.viewType         = Vk.IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_2D
-            , Vk.format           = (Vk.format :: Vk.SurfaceFormatKHR -> Vk.Format) surfaceFormat
+            , Vk.format           = surfaceFormat.format
             , Vk.components       = Vk.ComponentMapping
               { Vk.r = Vk.COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_IDENTITY
               , Vk.g = Vk.COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_IDENTITY

src/Draw.hs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 {-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE DuplicateRecordFields #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE FlexibleContexts #-}
+{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedRecordDot #-}
 module Draw where
 
 import qualified Control.Concurrent.STM as STM
@@ -57,7 +58,7 @@ drawFrame engineData frameNumber = do
   let (V2 width height) = engineWindowDimensions engineData
       camPosition = V3
         (-10 * sin (fromIntegral frameNumber / 90))
-        (-2)
+        2
         (-10 * cos (fromIntegral frameNumber / 90))
       camCenter = V3 0 0 0
       camUp = V3 0 1 0
@@ -80,6 +81,7 @@ drawFrame engineData frameNumber = do
     cameraData
 
   recordCommandBuffer
+    (engineData.engineAllocator)
     (frameMainCommandBuffer frame)
     (engineRenderPass engineData)
     (engineFramebuffers engineData V.! fromIntegral index)

src/Init.hs

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import Control.Monad
 import Control.Monad.IO.Class
 import Control.Monad.Reader
 import Control.Monad.Trans.Resource
+import Data.Bits
 import qualified Data.Map.Strict as M
 import Data.Maybe
 import qualified Data.Vector as V
@@ -305,7 +306,9 @@ initDescriptors device = do
         , Vk.bindings = V.singleton textureBind
         }
       poolInfo = Vk.zero
-        { Vk.flags     = Vk.DESCRIPTOR_POOL_CREATE_UPDATE_AFTER_BIND_BIT
+        { Vk.flags     =
+            Vk.DESCRIPTOR_POOL_CREATE_UPDATE_AFTER_BIND_BIT .|.
+            Vk.DESCRIPTOR_POOL_CREATE_FREE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_BIT
         , Vk.maxSets   = 10
         , Vk.poolSizes = V.fromList
           [ Vk.zero
@@ -333,10 +336,10 @@ initDescriptors device = do
   (_, descriptorSetLayout2) <-
     Vk.withDescriptorSetLayout device setInfo2 Nothing allocate
 
-  (_, descriptorPool) <-
-    Vk.withDescriptorPool device poolInfo Nothing allocate
-
   (_, textureDescriptorSetLayout) <-
     Vk.withDescriptorSetLayout device setInfo3 Nothing allocate
 
+  (_, descriptorPool) <-
+    Vk.withDescriptorPool device poolInfo Nothing allocate
+
   return (descriptorSetLayout1, descriptorSetLayout2, textureDescriptorSetLayout, descriptorPool)

src/Main.hs

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 {-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-}
+{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedRecordDot #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE DuplicateRecordFields #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE DataKinds #-}
+{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedRecordDot #-}
 module Main where
 
 import qualified Control.Concurrent.STM as STM
@@ -9,10 +11,12 @@ import Control.Monad.Loops
 import Control.Monad.IO.Class
 import Control.Monad.Trans.Resource
 import Data.Bits
+import Data.ByteString.Char8
 import qualified Data.Map.Strict as M
+import Data.Time.Clock
 import qualified Data.Vector as V
-import Data.Word
 import qualified SDL hiding (V2)
+import System.IO (stdout)
 import System.Mem
 import qualified Vulkan as Vk
 import qualified Vulkan.Zero as Vk
@@ -43,6 +47,8 @@ main = do
 
     -- create abort condition for upcoming lop
     quit <- liftIO $ STM.newTMVarIO True
+    time <- liftIO $ STM.newTMVarIO =<< getCurrentTime
+    average <- liftIO $ STM.newTMVarIO 0
 
     -- main loop
     whileM_
@@ -50,11 +56,24 @@ main = do
         )
       ( do
         liftIO performMajorGC
+        now <- liftIO getCurrentTime
+        before <- liftIO $ STM.atomically $ STM.swapTMVar time now
+        let timeDiff = diffUTCTime now before
+            fps = recip $ nominalDiffTimeToSeconds timeDiff
+        liftIO $ hPutStr stdout $ pack $ "Current FPS: " <> show (floor fps) <> "  \r"
         number <- liftIO $ STM.atomically $ do
           number <- STM.readTMVar frameNumber
+          if number == 0 then
+            void $ STM.swapTMVar average fps
+          else do
+            oldAverage <- STM.readTMVar average
+            let newAverage = (oldAverage * fromIntegral number + fps) / frameCount
+                frameCount = fromIntegral number + 1
+            void $ STM.swapTMVar average newAverage
           void $ STM.swapTMVar frameNumber (succ number)
           return number
         -- draw
+        -- liftIO $ putStr $ show (recip $ nominalDiffTimeToSeconds timeDiff) <> "\r"
         drawFrame engineData number
         -- poll events
         evs <- liftIO SDL.pollEvents
@@ -68,6 +87,12 @@ main = do
           evs
       )
 
+    fps <- liftIO $ STM.atomically $ STM.readTMVar average
+
+    liftIO $ hPutStr stdout $
+      "\n" <>
+      "Average FPS: " <> pack (show fps) <> "\n"
+
     Vk.deviceWaitIdle $ engineLogicalDevice engineData
 
 createBufferView
@@ -103,7 +128,7 @@ allocateMemory logicalDevice buffer = do
   memoryRequirements <- Vk.getBufferMemoryRequirements logicalDevice buffer
 
   let memoryAllocateInfo = Vk.zero
-        { Vk.allocationSize  = (Vk.size :: Vk.MemoryRequirements -> Word64) memoryRequirements
+        { Vk.allocationSize  = memoryRequirements.size
         , Vk.memoryTypeIndex = error ("createBuffer: TODO: populate memoryTypeIndex!" :: String)
         }
 

src/Memory.hs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE DuplicateRecordFields #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE DataKinds #-}
+{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedRecordDot #-}
+
 module Memory where
 
 import Control.Monad.IO.Class
@@ -27,9 +28,9 @@ initAllocator
   -> m VMA.Allocator
 initAllocator physicalDevice device instance' = do
   let instanceProcAddr = castFunPtr $
-        Vk.pVkGetInstanceProcAddr ((Vk.instanceCmds :: Vk.Instance -> Vk.InstanceCmds) instance')
+        Vk.pVkGetInstanceProcAddr (instance'.instanceCmds)
       deviceProcAddr = castFunPtr $
-        Vk.pVkGetDeviceProcAddr ((Vk.deviceCmds :: Vk.Device -> Vk.DeviceCmds) device)
+        Vk.pVkGetDeviceProcAddr (device.deviceCmds)
   let allocatorInfo = Vk.zero
         { VMA.physicalDevice  = Vk.physicalDeviceHandle physicalDevice
         , VMA.device          = Vk.deviceHandle device

src/Mesh.hs

@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@ import qualified Data.Map.Strict as M
 import Data.Maybe (fromMaybe)
 import qualified Data.Vector as V
 
-import Debug.Trace
-
 import Foreign
 
 import Linear (V2(..), V3(..), V4(..))
@@ -40,9 +38,9 @@ loadMeshes
   -> m ()
 loadMeshes allocator uploadContext queue device = do
   let triangle = V.fromList
-        [ Vertex (V3 0.5 0.5 0)    (V3 0 0 0) (V4 0 1 0 1) (V2 0 0)
-        , Vertex (V3 (-0.5) 0.5 0) (V3 0 0 0) (V4 0 1 0 1) (V2 0 0)
-        , Vertex (V3 0 (-0.5) 0)   (V3 0 0 0) (V4 0 1 0 1) (V2 0 0)
+        [ Vertex (V3 0.5 0 0)    (V3 0 0 0) (V4 0 1 0 1) (V2 0 0)
+        , Vertex (V3 (-0.5) 0 0) (V3 0 0 0) (V4 0 1 0 1) (V2 0 0)
+        , Vertex (V3 0 1 0)   (V3 0 0 0) (V4 0 1 0 1) (V2 0 0)
         ]
 
   triMesh <- uploadMesh triangle allocator uploadContext queue device
@@ -190,4 +188,39 @@ loadFromObj filepath vma uploadContext queue device = do
             texCoords V.!
               (fromMaybe (error "no UV coordinates present") (faceTexCoordIndex index) - 1)
       in
-        V2 r s
+        -- flip V coordinate of UVs to fix display
+        V2 r (-s)
+
+compactDraws
+  :: M.Map String Mesh
+  -> M.Map String Material
+  -> V.Vector RenderObject
+  -> V.Vector IndirectBatch
+compactDraws meshLib materialLib objects =
+
+  V.foldl
+    (\acc (index, RenderObject mesh material _) ->
+
+      let newDraw = IndirectBatch
+            { batchMesh     = meshLib M.! mesh
+            , batchMaterial = materialLib M.! material
+            , batchFirst    = index
+            , batchCount    = 1
+            }
+          sameMesh = not (V.null acc) && (meshLib M.! mesh == batchMesh (V.last acc))
+          sameMaterial = not (V.null acc) && (materialLib M.! material == batchMaterial (V.last acc))
+
+      in
+        if sameMesh && sameMaterial
+        then
+          V.init acc `V.snoc` ((V.last acc)
+            { batchCount = batchCount (V.last acc) + 1
+            })
+        else
+          acc `V.snoc` newDraw
+      )
+    V.empty
+    (V.zip
+      (V.fromList [0..])
+      objects
+      )

src/Types.hs

@@ -54,13 +54,17 @@ data AllocatedBuffer = AllocatedBuffer
   }
   deriving (Show)
 
+instance Eq AllocatedBuffer where
+
+  (AllocatedBuffer buf1 _ _) == (AllocatedBuffer buf2 _ _) = buf1 == buf2
+
 data Vertex = Vertex
   { vertexPosition :: V3 Float
   , vertexNormal   :: V3 Float
   , vertexColor    :: V4 Float
   , vertexUV       :: V2 Float
   }
-  deriving (Show)
+  deriving (Show, Eq)
 
 instance Storable Vertex where
 
@@ -143,7 +147,7 @@ data Mesh = Mesh
   { meshVertices :: V.Vector Vertex
   , meshBuffer   :: AllocatedBuffer
   }
-  deriving (Show)
+  deriving (Show, Eq)
 
 data MeshPushConstants = MeshPushConstants
   { meshPushData     :: V4 Float
@@ -180,7 +184,7 @@ data Material = Material
   , materialPipeline       :: Vk.Pipeline
   , materialPipelineLayout :: Vk.PipelineLayout
   }
-  deriving (Show)
+  deriving (Show, Eq)
 
 data RenderObject = RenderObject
   { objectMesh     :: String
@@ -223,6 +227,7 @@ data FrameData = FrameData
   , frameCameraBuffer      :: AllocatedBuffer
   , frameSceneBuffer       :: AllocatedBuffer
   , frameObjectBuffer      :: AllocatedBuffer
+  , frameIndirectBuffer    :: AllocatedBuffer
   , frameGlobalDescriptor  :: Vk.DescriptorSet
   , frameObjectDescriptor  :: Vk.DescriptorSet
   }
@@ -317,3 +322,10 @@ data UploadContext = UploadContext
   , uploadCommandBuffer :: Vk.CommandBuffer
   }
   deriving (Show)
+
+data IndirectBatch = IndirectBatch
+  { batchMesh     :: Mesh
+  , batchMaterial :: Material
+  , batchFirst    :: Word32
+  , batchCount    :: Word32
+  }

test.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+{pkgs, vulkan-tutorial, ...}:
+pkgs.nixosTest ({
+  name = "test";
+  nodes = {
+    machine = { config, pkgs, ...}: {
+      environment = {
+        systemPackages = with pkgs; [
+          vulkan-tutorial
+          git
+          shaderc
+          vulkan-loader
+          vulkan-validation-layers
+        ];
+        sessionVariables = {
+          VK_LAYER_PATH="${pkgs.vulkan-validation-layers}/share/vulkan/explicit_layer.d";
+          SDL_VULKAN_LIBRARY="${pkgs.vulkan-loader}/lib/libvulkan.so";
+        };
+      };
+      hardware.opengl = {
+        enable = true;
+        driSupport = true;
+        driSupport32Bit = true;
+      };
+      services.xserver = {
+        enable = true;
+        displayManager.sddm.enable = true;
+        desktopManager.cinnamon.enable = true;
+      };
+      users.users.test = {
+        password = "test";
+        extraGroups = [
+          "wheel"
+        ];
+        isNormalUser = true;
+      };
+    };
+  };
+
+  skipLint = true;
+
+  testScript = ''
+    start_all()
+
+    machine.shell_interact()
+  '';
+})

vulkan-tutorial.cabal

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ executable vulkan-tutorial
 
     -- LANGUAGE extensions used by modules in this package.
     -- other-extensions:
-    build-depends:    base >=4.14.3.0
+    build-depends:    base
                     , sdl2
                     , vulkan
                     , vulkan-utils
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ executable vulkan-tutorial
                     , linear
                     , monad-loops
                     , stm
+                    , time
                     , bytestring
                     , text
                     , vector